1 Neurosurgery clinic in Akita
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1 clinic specializing in Neurosurgery in Akita.
Besides this clinic there are 13 Neurosurgery clinics in Japan.
Such diseases are treated by Akita Kousei Medical Center: Acoustic neuroma, Aqueductal stenosis, Arachnoiditis, Astrocytoma, Back pain, and others.
3
from Nobu Nabeissa
November 28, 2023
All calls from November R5
It's now just a number.
The accounting system has also been changed to an automatic payment machine.
However, even if you still make a reservation
It takes 2-3 hours to pay the bill.
1
from K S
October 26, 2023
I am a hearing-impaired person.
The doctor said that his hearing loss would interfere with medical treatment.
I would like someone who is healthy to accompany me.
I said, ``I'm single, so that's impossible.''
To repeat this
When I said, ``Does that mean you shouldn't come to the doctor after all?''
No, “I didn’t tell you not to come to the doctor’s appointment if that wasn’t the case.”
repetition
(We started yelling at each other, and the medical assistant closed the curtains in the exam room and went away.)
When I stood up and said, "That's enough," he grabbed my arm and made me sit down.
Repeated trouble due to hearing loss...
5
from キルア
October 13, 2023
I was brought to the hospital by ambulance in the middle of the night due to severe pain and vomiting due to a ureteral stone.
There is a large free parking lot.
Reservations are given priority for consultations.
The food I eat while in the hospital is not very tasty.
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Peripheral nerve repair
≈ $7,802
-
Nerve decompression surgery
≈ $6,493
-
Surgical neurolysis
≈ $3,461
-
Epidural block
≈ $1,168
2.8
5 reviews
3
from Nobu Nabeissa
November 28, 2023
All calls from November R5
It's now just a number.
The accounting system has also been changed to an automatic payment machine.
However, even if you still make a reservation
It takes 2-3 hours to pay the bill.
1
from K S
October 26, 2023
I am a hearing-impaired person.
The doctor said that his hearing loss would interfere with medical treatment.
I would like someone who is healthy to accompany me.
I said, ``I'm single, so that's impossible.''
To repeat this
When I said, ``Does that mean you shouldn't come to the doctor after all?''
No, “I didn’t tell you not to come to the doctor’s appointment if that wasn’t the case.”
repetition
(We started yelling at each other, and the medical assistant closed the curtains in the exam room and went away.)
When I stood up and said, "That's enough," he grabbed my arm and made me sit down.
Repeated trouble due to hearing loss...
5
from キルア
October 13, 2023
I was brought to the hospital by ambulance in the middle of the night due to severe pain and vomiting due to a ureteral stone.
There is a large free parking lot.
Reservations are given priority for consultations.
The food I eat while in the hospital is not very tasty.
Akita, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Thoracic surgery, Neurosurgery, Spine surgery, Orthopedic surgery, Oncology
Akita Kosei Medical Center is a core hospital in the northern part of Akita City, with Akita City, Oga City, and Katagami City as its
read more
Nearby clinics in Japan
Perhaps you should consider the following clinics we have found nearby basing on your Location, Specialization filters applied.
5
from ASTRA Official
March 04, 2023
Hospital
1
from edwin samuel
February 18, 2023
They don't even accept you even in an emergency situation if you are a foreigner. Even as a Hokkaido university student I was told the doctor is busy with other patients and has no time to see a foreign patient... I was standing at the first aid/ emergency section with my hand bleeding.. I was just told to go somewhere else and was handed a printout with an emergency ph no of Sapporo city emergency services ( The irony ) I was just told to call that and try my luck.
5
from Murugesh M
July 28, 2022
in spring and snow 👌
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Peripheral nerve repair
≈ $7,802
-
Nerve decompression surgery
≈ $6,493
-
Endoscopic pituitary surgery
≈ $31,001
-
Embolization for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
≈ $38,527
3.4
5 reviews
5
from ASTRA Official
March 04, 2023
Hospital
1
from edwin samuel
February 18, 2023
They don't even accept you even in an emergency situation if you are a foreigner. Even as a Hokkaido university student I was told the doctor is busy with other patients and has no time to see a foreign patient... I was standing at the first aid/ emergency section with my hand bleeding.. I was just told to go somewhere else and was handed a printout with an emergency ph no of Sapporo city emergency services ( The irony ) I was just told to call that and try my luck.
5
from Murugesh M
July 28, 2022
in spring and snow 👌
Sapporo, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Thoracic surgery, Neurosurgery, Spine surgery, Orthopedic surgery, Oncology
The hospital is an important part of the Hokkaido University as an institution for education and research. We have been designated by the government as
read more
3
from Landhaus Idyll
November 24, 2023
I don't quite understand. Keio University Hospital is a well known hospital BUT no one seems to speak even a very basic english. They all have japanese and english signs all over the hospital but no one knows how to speak it. I mean they don't have japanese only patients, but for me it feels like they only admit japanese because once you try to communicate with them, they mostly just say "no english" and then they leave you alone even if you have a serious health problem. I know expats should learn japanese but what about tourist or guests that only spends a week or two in japan? I come from Germany and we also have expats and foreigners there that hardly speaks any german BUT they don't get turned away by the hospital, because that is ILLEGAL and against the doctor's and healthcare workers OATH (do no harm!). WHAT IS WRONG JAPAN? you make A LOT of advertisement about OMOTENASHI and then you treat non japanese speakers as if they're not worth treating. And this is not the only hospital in Tokyo that do this. DO BETTER!!!
5
from suukuri ido
September 23, 2023
Excellent doctors and staff. I've had two surgeries at this hospital and both have gone very well. I recommend this hospital but if I understand their processes correctly, one needs a referral to go there. They are centrally located, and are right in front of the Shinanomachi station. There's another station close by on the Oedo Line. They have new facilities and parking. They also have motorcycle parking. This is one of the best hospitals in Tokyo in my opinion, but English is not spoken here. If you have a need for a special surgery involving a doctor from another hospital, then you may experience difficulty in having that arranged. I had to forego surgery on my heart there because they did not have a doctor on staff to do what I needed done immediately after the heart surgery. It was breast bone surgery. I had to have the heart surgery and the breast bone work done elsewhere, but the surgeries needed to be done back-to-back. Keio could not do it, which I believe is rare for them. I wish they could have facilitated it. It's a great hospital otherwise.
1
from SOME LUCIA
June 02, 2023
I went there because my period haven’t stopped in six months. I went there for a biopsy which made the bleeding increase for more than days, accompanied with terrible cramps. I returned urgently there and was treated really poorly by the interns who told me “they couldn’t do anything”that my cramps had probably nothing to do with my uterus ( but i had told them it was the same pain as period pain), and that i should just get painkillers. I really wonder in what world someone can say that is normal to have periods for six months, and bleed for more than ten days after a biopsy. I am deeply disappointed in this lack of professionalism and compassion.
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Peripheral nerve repair
≈ $7,802
-
Nerve decompression surgery
≈ $6,493
-
Surgical neurolysis
≈ $3,461
-
Epidural block
≈ $1,168
3.3
5 reviews
3
from Landhaus Idyll
November 24, 2023
I don't quite understand. Keio University Hospital is a well known hospital BUT no one seems to speak even a very basic english. They all have japanese and english signs all over the hospital but no one knows how to speak it. I mean they don't have japanese only patients, but for me it feels like they only admit japanese because once you try to communicate with them, they mostly just say "no english" and then they leave you alone even if you have a serious health problem. I know expats should learn japanese but what about tourist or guests that only spends a week or two in japan? I come from Germany and we also have expats and foreigners there that hardly speaks any german BUT they don't get turned away by the hospital, because that is ILLEGAL and against the doctor's and healthcare workers OATH (do no harm!). WHAT IS WRONG JAPAN? you make A LOT of advertisement about OMOTENASHI and then you treat non japanese speakers as if they're not worth treating. And this is not the only hospital in Tokyo that do this. DO BETTER!!!
5
from suukuri ido
September 23, 2023
Excellent doctors and staff. I've had two surgeries at this hospital and both have gone very well. I recommend this hospital but if I understand their processes correctly, one needs a referral to go there. They are centrally located, and are right in front of the Shinanomachi station. There's another station close by on the Oedo Line. They have new facilities and parking. They also have motorcycle parking. This is one of the best hospitals in Tokyo in my opinion, but English is not spoken here. If you have a need for a special surgery involving a doctor from another hospital, then you may experience difficulty in having that arranged. I had to forego surgery on my heart there because they did not have a doctor on staff to do what I needed done immediately after the heart surgery. It was breast bone surgery. I had to have the heart surgery and the breast bone work done elsewhere, but the surgeries needed to be done back-to-back. Keio could not do it, which I believe is rare for them. I wish they could have facilitated it. It's a great hospital otherwise.
1
from SOME LUCIA
June 02, 2023
I went there because my period haven’t stopped in six months. I went there for a biopsy which made the bleeding increase for more than days, accompanied with terrible cramps. I returned urgently there and was treated really poorly by the interns who told me “they couldn’t do anything”that my cramps had probably nothing to do with my uterus ( but i had told them it was the same pain as period pain), and that i should just get painkillers. I really wonder in what world someone can say that is normal to have periods for six months, and bleed for more than ten days after a biopsy. I am deeply disappointed in this lack of professionalism and compassion.
Tokyo, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Thoracic surgery, Neurosurgery, Spine surgery, Orthopedic surgery, Oncology
Languages: English
In July 1992 the Medical Service Law was revised, through which university hospitals providing advanced medical care were certified as "special functioning hospitals". Since February
read more
1
from 広域集団イジメ嫌がらせ店舗等調査改善(イジメ嫌がらせに気付き 子供の手本になる親大人へ)
December 07, 2023
There are people everywhere who like bullying and harassment.
Ruthless bullying and harassment of elderly people, patients, and their families
Bullying and harassment from people wearing white coats is especially sad.
Even though I only have 10 minutes to enter, I feel like I want to get out of the center as soon as possible despite being bullied.
I don't want to stay here and have my soul hurt.
Also posted on YouTube etc.
Bullying and harassment by medical personnel
really amazing
Where should the elderly, vulnerable, and cancer patients go?
Will you be saved?
5
from 小林博義
December 06, 2023
Due to lung cancer, he was abandoned by other hospitals and went to a cancer center. The survival rate has reached 10%, but thanks to the care of my doctors, I will soon be in remission. This hospital is bright, kind, and kind. Everyone from the doctors to the nurses, the office staff, and the cleaners are warm-hearted. I feel like I'm going to do my best to cure my illness. If you are depressed because of cancer, please seek medical treatment!
3
from Ou USA
November 07, 2023
The route is easy to find if you use the Tomei Expressway. I was able to buy ekiben at the in-hospital convenience store. If I have a chance, I would like to try the observation restaurant as well.
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Surgical neurolysis
≈ $3,461
-
Epidural block
≈ $1,168
-
Endoscopic pituitary surgery
≈ $31,001
-
Embolization for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
≈ $38,527
4.0
5 reviews
1
from 広域集団イジメ嫌がらせ店舗等調査改善(イジメ嫌がらせに気付き 子供の手本になる親大人へ)
December 07, 2023
There are people everywhere who like bullying and harassment.
Ruthless bullying and harassment of elderly people, patients, and their families
Bullying and harassment from people wearing white coats is especially sad.
Even though I only have 10 minutes to enter, I feel like I want to get out of the center as soon as possible despite being bullied.
I don't want to stay here and have my soul hurt.
Also posted on YouTube etc.
Bullying and harassment by medical personnel
really amazing
Where should the elderly, vulnerable, and cancer patients go?
Will you be saved?
5
from 小林博義
December 06, 2023
Due to lung cancer, he was abandoned by other hospitals and went to a cancer center. The survival rate has reached 10%, but thanks to the care of my doctors, I will soon be in remission. This hospital is bright, kind, and kind. Everyone from the doctors to the nurses, the office staff, and the cleaners are warm-hearted. I feel like I'm going to do my best to cure my illness. If you are depressed because of cancer, please seek medical treatment!
3
from Ou USA
November 07, 2023
The route is easy to find if you use the Tomei Expressway. I was able to buy ekiben at the in-hospital convenience store. If I have a chance, I would like to try the observation restaurant as well.
Nagaizumi, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Thoracic surgery, Neurosurgery, Oncology
Languages: English
The Shizuoka Cancer Center has the main hospital building, the Proton Therapy Facility, the Palliative Care Ward Annex and the Energy Center. Situated on a
read more
5
from 江川久仁夫
April 26, 2023
The office staff, teachers, nurses, nurses, and caregivers are all kind and helpful.
5
from 美和子
April 18, 2022
My father at home was hospitalized with cancer.
We become indebted to.
Doctors, nurses, everyone, be kind.
Everyone was polite and I felt at ease.
3
from 山田真由美
April 06, 2021
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Endoscopic pituitary surgery
≈ $31,001
-
Craniotomy
≈ $35,302
-
Functional neurosurgery
≈ $8,431
-
Brain biopsy
≈ $6,443
-
Skull base surgery
≈ $25,034
-
Surgery for an acoustic neuroma
≈ $19,193
-
Chemotherapy for brain cancer
by request
-
Chemotherapy for retinoblastoma
by request
4.2
5 reviews
5
from 江川久仁夫
April 26, 2023
The office staff, teachers, nurses, nurses, and caregivers are all kind and helpful.
5
from 美和子
April 18, 2022
My father at home was hospitalized with cancer.
We become indebted to.
Doctors, nurses, everyone, be kind.
Everyone was polite and I felt at ease.
3
from 山田真由美
April 06, 2021
Kashiwa Shi, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Thoracic surgery, Neurosurgery, Orthopedic surgery, Oncology
Languages: English
At National Cancer Center Hospital East(Japan), we provide world-class cancer medicine to all our patients, by offering the very best and most effective care plans,
read more
4
from K. Lee
May 19, 2022
Had a premature C-section at the centre and my baby was in the NICU for a month, the doctors and nurses were professional, attentive and caring. The private room was great too, spacious with a private toilet and bath, it's a bit pricey but definitely worth spending for a quiet and comfortable recovery after birth.
2
from Senkan Koukuu
April 13, 2022
The facility is actually quite good and new. But the physicians are kinda mixed. Some people are responsible, hard working and still have a sense of humor, but some are really exhausting to talk to. If you've ever dealt with government officials you'd get what I mean, but they try their best to work as little as possible and avoid all responsibility so chances are you won't be able to get a straight answer from them..
Its location is also in the middle of residential area so if you're a traveler or are NOT affluent enough to afford an exorbitant house in this Setagaya neighborhood.. I guess you'll have no business here.
1
from Aaron
August 28, 2021
This is going to be a pretty negative review due to miserable administration and communication, but the staff's technical skills are beyond other hospitals. Thanks to them, they were able to deliver my two beautiful twin daughters in a situation that could have potentially had many complications.
Now the negative.
- The documentation about visitation is from pre-Covid, so despite signing documents allowing a single visitor, don't expect to see your newborns until they're released from the hospital a week after they're born. And don't expect to be informed about this until days before the birth.
- Don't expect to be informed in a timely manner if your wife suddenly has to go into emergency surgery, after being told by the doctor that she should be contacting you in an hour. Plan for a very stressful 6 hours of no information if your wife and newborns are ok or not.
- Don't expect the appropriate doctors to be available on the day the hospital planned to decide whether your new family can come home or not. Expect your doctors to be on holiday that day, pushing the decision of if and when you can finally meet your new family back by at least a day.
- Don't expect the administration to answer your questions completely about payment and insurance. Despite being told that there is no payment needed once proof of insurance is revived, expect that not to include 50,000円 worth of food that you will have to pay on your visit. And don't expect to be able to handle any paperwork via mail; only in person.
We didn't have a lot of options for hospitals in Tokyo that could give birth to identical twins. If you're in a similar situation, I can't say if choosing Keio would have been better. If you are not expecting a complicated birth, I would highly suggest you avoid this hospital.
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Surgical neurolysis
≈ $3,461
-
Epidural block
≈ $1,168
-
Endoscopic pituitary surgery
≈ $31,001
-
Embolization for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
≈ $38,527
3.8
5 reviews
4
from K. Lee
May 19, 2022
Had a premature C-section at the centre and my baby was in the NICU for a month, the doctors and nurses were professional, attentive and caring. The private room was great too, spacious with a private toilet and bath, it's a bit pricey but definitely worth spending for a quiet and comfortable recovery after birth.
2
from Senkan Koukuu
April 13, 2022
The facility is actually quite good and new. But the physicians are kinda mixed. Some people are responsible, hard working and still have a sense of humor, but some are really exhausting to talk to. If you've ever dealt with government officials you'd get what I mean, but they try their best to work as little as possible and avoid all responsibility so chances are you won't be able to get a straight answer from them..
Its location is also in the middle of residential area so if you're a traveler or are NOT affluent enough to afford an exorbitant house in this Setagaya neighborhood.. I guess you'll have no business here.
1
from Aaron
August 28, 2021
This is going to be a pretty negative review due to miserable administration and communication, but the staff's technical skills are beyond other hospitals. Thanks to them, they were able to deliver my two beautiful twin daughters in a situation that could have potentially had many complications.
Now the negative.
- The documentation about visitation is from pre-Covid, so despite signing documents allowing a single visitor, don't expect to see your newborns until they're released from the hospital a week after they're born. And don't expect to be informed about this until days before the birth.
- Don't expect to be informed in a timely manner if your wife suddenly has to go into emergency surgery, after being told by the doctor that she should be contacting you in an hour. Plan for a very stressful 6 hours of no information if your wife and newborns are ok or not.
- Don't expect the appropriate doctors to be available on the day the hospital planned to decide whether your new family can come home or not. Expect your doctors to be on holiday that day, pushing the decision of if and when you can finally meet your new family back by at least a day.
- Don't expect the administration to answer your questions completely about payment and insurance. Despite being told that there is no payment needed once proof of insurance is revived, expect that not to include 50,000円 worth of food that you will have to pay on your visit. And don't expect to be able to handle any paperwork via mail; only in person.
We didn't have a lot of options for hospitals in Tokyo that could give birth to identical twins. If you're in a similar situation, I can't say if choosing Keio would have been better. If you are not expecting a complicated birth, I would highly suggest you avoid this hospital.
Setagaya-ku, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Neurosurgery, Spine surgery, Orthopedic surgery, Oncology
Languages: English
The hospital of the National Center for Child Health and Development (NCCHD) is the only national hospital in Japan to encompass the four areas of
read more
5
from ひが
November 26, 2023
About a year ago, I underwent heart valve replacement surgery.The doctor gave thorough explanations and the nurses, even though they were all young, treated me with great care. Even patients who complained due to stress were treated with sincerity. When I was in the ICU, the assistant doctor had to take me to the bathroom every hour in the middle of the night because of the diuretics I was in. When I apologized, she said with a smile, "Don't worry about it, it's fine!" I was able to spend my time with peace of mind. I am very glad that I had the surgery at this hospital. Even though the food is low in salt, there are about 3 side dishes, so I think it's satisfying.
5
from 田中K
November 16, 2023
Thank you everyone for your kind response!
It's clear to see that he puts his patients first.
My illness, which had not been detected even though it had become serious at a major local hospital, was immediately discovered here, and I was given very detailed care, arranging for surgery and the prognosis.
I believe that it is the best hospital in the world in terms of technology, service, and everything else.
4
from hiro QLV
September 02, 2023
Three years ago, I had a blood vessel transplant and catheter surgery for coronary artery stenosis and angina pectoris here, and since then I've been going to the hospital regularly.It's a clean hospital, I feel comfortable, and it's conveniently located near JR Kishibe Station, which is helpful.
Prices for popular procedures:
-
Brain aneurysm repair
≈ $35,164
-
Brain aneurysm clipping
≈ $33,016
-
Microvascular decompression (MVD)
≈ $18,549
-
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection
≈ $26,650
-
Brain tumors surgery
≈ $27,317
-
Endoscopic pituitary surgery
≈ $31,001
-
Embolization for cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
≈ $38,527
-
Craniotomy
≈ $35,302
-
Brain tumor embolization
≈ $21,995
4.0
5 reviews
5
from ひが
November 26, 2023
About a year ago, I underwent heart valve replacement surgery.The doctor gave thorough explanations and the nurses, even though they were all young, treated me with great care. Even patients who complained due to stress were treated with sincerity. When I was in the ICU, the assistant doctor had to take me to the bathroom every hour in the middle of the night because of the diuretics I was in. When I apologized, she said with a smile, "Don't worry about it, it's fine!" I was able to spend my time with peace of mind. I am very glad that I had the surgery at this hospital. Even though the food is low in salt, there are about 3 side dishes, so I think it's satisfying.
5
from 田中K
November 16, 2023
Thank you everyone for your kind response!
It's clear to see that he puts his patients first.
My illness, which had not been detected even though it had become serious at a major local hospital, was immediately discovered here, and I was given very detailed care, arranging for surgery and the prognosis.
I believe that it is the best hospital in the world in terms of technology, service, and everything else.
4
from hiro QLV
September 02, 2023
Three years ago, I had a blood vessel transplant and catheter surgery for coronary artery stenosis and angina pectoris here, and since then I've been going to the hospital regularly.It's a clean hospital, I feel comfortable, and it's conveniently located near JR Kishibe Station, which is helpful.
Suita, Japan
Specializations: Cardiac surgery, Vascular surgery, Neurosurgery, Oncology
National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCVC) Hospital was established in 1977 to provide world-class, advanced quality of care to patients with cerebral and cardiovascular diseases
read more
Quick navigation
Procedures
Diseases
- Brain shunt surgery ≈ $19,279
- Corpus callosotomy ≈ $11,566
- Craniofacial surgery ≈ $12,049
- Elevation of depressed skull fracture ≈ $9,889
- Endoscopic septostomy ≈ $8,167
- Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) ≈ $8,323
- Extracranial CSF drainage by request
- Focal resection ≈ $9,014
- Functional hemispherectomy ≈ $16,470
- Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) ≈ $34,383
- Lumbar puncture ≈ $1,070
- Multiple subpial transection (MST) ≈ $13,084
- Nerve decompression surgery ≈ $6,469
- Ommaya reservoir placement ≈ $7,651
- Peripheral nerve repair ≈ $7,775
- Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) insertion ≈ $50,592
- Shunt revision ≈ $7,319
- Temporal lobe resection ≈ $22,911
- Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leaks surgical repair ≈ $4,015
- Vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) implantation ≈ $10,198
- Bell's palsy
- Brain metastases
- Cavernous angioma
- Cavernous hemangioma
- Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM)
- Cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF)
- Craniofacial injury
- Craniopharyngioma
- Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
- Hemifacial spasm
- Hydrocephalus
- Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS)
- Intraventricular tumor
- Moyamoya disease
- Pituitary cyst
- Skull defect
- Skull fracture
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
- Traumatic cerebral spinal fluid leakage
- Trigeminal neuralgia