Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) treatment in 998 Neurosurgery and Orthopedic surgery clinics worldwide

Organized, clean, friendly staff, I was able to get a same day appointment and a minor procedure done. It was well orchestrated. I’m super pleased. Beautiful facilities. Special shout out to Dr. Irin Chowchankit.

Bumrungrad International's Health Checkup & Screening Center in Bangkok. Provides comprehensive checkup services for all patients. Chat Support Available. Sign Up For Newsletter. Create Account. Highlights: Appointment Booking Option Available, Newsletter Available. 33 Soi Sukhumvit 3, Khlong Toei Nuea, Watthana, Bangkok 10110

Highly efficient and professional services for emergency and surgery for a close friend who suffered a serious femur fracture at her hip. Friendly, caring, and professional medical staff. Very impressive facilities and services.

Couldn't visit my grandpa in the emergency room. I drove an hour to get here and then they tell me there is a 2 visitor limit. There is little to no reception in the building so I couldn't even get in contact with who was in there. I called into the room and when I asked about someone leaving she pretended I didn't even talk to her and went mhm mhm and hung up. I love hospitals that won't let a grandson see his grandfather in the ER

I am deeply thankful for the exceptional care and attention I received during my recent visit to the emergency department at Brigham and Women's Hospital. The doctors and nurses demonstrated genuine concern and provided excellent care for my difficulty swallowing, gastric issues, and rapid weight loss. Their professionalism and compassion made a significant difference during a challenging time. I want to express my sincere gratitude to the entire medical team for their dedication and outstanding support. Thank you for helping me through this health concern with such skill and kindness.

During my dad's ICU stay at Brigham and Women's Hospital, the nurses provided outstanding care. They kept us informed and made us feel safe throughout a traumatic time for our family. The level of expertise, compassion, and seamless coordination between day and night shifts was remarkable. My family and I will be forever grateful for Nurse Bryan, Katie, Kayla, and Lauren from Unit 3B.

My experience with the staff was a very special and good one of course there were a couple of not so greats but as a whole I totally appreciated the experience and staff!

My wife and I welcomed our first child with John Hopskins and we were treated exceptionally. Our stay lasted 6 days. Nearly every member of the staff seemed to truly believe in the work they were doing and it instilled confidence in my wife and I. The student nurses were very helpful and what they may have lacked in experience they made up for in drive and enthusiasm! Two of the nurses, who helped my wife in labour, even visited us the next day to congratulate us and check up on the status of our child. It did get busy for the nurses the last few days and we would love to have seen more lactation specialists on staff available to help us but after this incredible experience I will certainly encourage my wife and other parents to include John Hospkins in future family planning.

We had a very nice experience here. Dr Kuwera and staff took perfect care of our toddler. He was competent, thorough and friendly-explaining everything as he went. It’s a large hospital, but with many helpful staff stations throughout, it’s easy enough to find your way around. Must register before entering, which ensures safety. Very thankful for wonderful healthcare.

I had a cardiac ablation done by Dr Blatt and the experience was excellent. From the moment we walked into the hospital and the information gentleman took us to the surgery unit, the intake gentleman, without exception every person we came in contact with was friendly and helpful. My nurses were all exceptionally great. The hospital's sophistication, cleanliness and features were top notch.

On 11/7/2023 During my 5 hour stay the dr and nurses gave me a horrible experience. My monitor was going off for a good while because I had a high heart rate and no one came to check until after 5-10min once the beeping got louder. After couple hours passed and I really needed to urinate, I wait to see if anyone would check on me because I know how busy the hospital gets and after that waiting for a long time and trying to wave down nurses who would just look at me and walk away or say we’ll be there when we can. Yet I seen them just hanging out talking in the hallway of the hospital from time to time. My curtains weren’t closed all the way hence why I could see what they were doing. I ended up urinating all over myself because I couldn’t hold it anymore and I wasn’t able to disconnect myself from my Iv and the other monitor with my blood pressure heart rate and the sticky stuff attached to my body that looked almost like an ekg machine to monitor me. I had to sit in my own urine for about an hour or so till someone came to check on me, I have never felt so neglected in my life. They offered me some wipes to wipe myself and some of the hospital underwear(not real underwear) they had also left a syringe w/o needle on the bed I was laying on. Then upon discharge they gave me my paper work went over everything briefly and disconnected me from the Iv but not the monitor and I was still connected so I had to disconnect myself and take it off. The dr stopped for literally a few seconds saying your labs are good and left. This was my worst experience ever!!

Front desk at the ER the lady where the "red star is" very disrespectful. The RN Kristy I had her today room 29 at the ER nicest person ever, she was great, attentive, respectful, explained every step, overall I felt cared off even though it was just a stomach pain. Thank you Kristy. 😊

You will roll the dice with anesthesiologists at this facility. I was "assigned" Dr. Traylor. A freakishly large, imposing and intimidating man with zero resemblance of care or compassion. I'm sure he chose this field because no one would EVER seek his services. His patients haven't a choice. He suggested a female doctor. Best suggestion he's ever made. In walks Dr. Sarah Cocoma complete with a raging eye infection. This woman SNUCK behind my bed, DISTRACTED me and FORCEFULLY shot VERSED in my IV. It burns given gently. To render me unconscious, without asking, warning or care. Filthy conditions in every area including the elevators. Stay away from the trauma this place leaves behind. You've been dutifully warned.

The worst communication. Terrible gaslighting. The INEXCUSABLE FILTH in this facility. It was everywhere. The waiting room, the bathrooms, the hall was littered with garbage type red biohazard bags. Even INSIDE my Operating Room...garbage on the floor. When I objected to what I was seeing, they promptly canceled my surgery. I couldn't get out of that place fast enough...but not before one last gross show of filth, the floor of the elevator was littered with 2x2 gauze pads...soaked in something orange. I quickly pointed it out to my husband so he can see for himself what I was trying to describe. He quickly understood as an employee's foot was standing over some ofthem. My biggest fears were handled BEAUTIFULLY by this pre-surg staff, they are willing, if able, to accommodate women patients with women doctors/ residents...they allow small gestures of modesty and that is commendable. And just so you know...all those personal questions they ask you? And all the personal questions you ask them? EVERYONE CAN HEAR YOU...as there only curtains for privacy. HIPAA laws must be out back on a smoke break with the 3 janitors this place employs. 2 thumbs down and shame on you.

Had a good experience. Brought my father in law into Rush to be evaluated from stroke he had 3 weeks ago. They had him in a bed in less than 30 min. He was admitted and put into their stroke rehab program in less than a week.

Last summer I ended up in the ICU for 6 days with a pulmonary embolism. All the staff were wonderful, especially the nurses who changed my chux pads. Multiple doctors came to talk to me about my options, and I felt reassured that I was in good hands. I was put in a catheter-directed thrombolysis study. My medical team explained the procedure in ways that my oxygen-deprived lungs could understand, and before I knew it I was rushed to the OR. My follow-up care at MGH has been exceptional. I see a cardiologist and hematologist regularly now, but I am grateful to be alive thanks to the wonderful staff at MGH. You all rock!

My wife was operated on 10/19. Our stay from then on and through the weekend was the best hospital experience to date. We especially want to comend the staff. Our nurse Lauren Schmidt was the happiest and most cheerful which flowes right to the patients making us feel great. All the staff was great.

Boston was going to be just a port of call on our cruise, but we had a medical emergency while we were here. We spent some time in a very busy emergency room, but they got us in for surgery within 24 hours. All the medical professionals who helped us were kind and very informative and caring.

Easily the most efficient medical facility I have ever stepped foot in. Everyone is friendly and professional…the campus is a very nice place to spend time if you have to spend the whole day for a bunch of testing. Food service has recently been revamped and has dramatically improved. When you consider the volume of people seeking specialized medical care IN ADDITION TO a very active ER, I find it is nearly miraculous that I have never waited more than 15 minutes past my scheduled appointment time to see my Dr, and that is coming twice a year for the last 7 years. Not once…

Amazing experience at Mayo Clinic Jacksonville!! After three trips to our local ER all resulting in an undiagnosable abdominal pain and seeing literally one dozen doctors, we were blessed with a referral to Mayo Clinic and my husband was healed!!!!! No more prescriptions! No more weight loss! No more issue! They found the problem on the first visit, had it removed three weeks later and no more pain praise God!!!!! Thank you to the entire staff from the gentleman at the entrance with his cheerful greetings to the kitchen staff who keep even the most grumpiest of patients happy and fed we appreciate all of you there at Mayo!! Thank you from my family to yours!

The ER/ED staff is dismissive, taking forever to treat patients. I have been sitting in this damn hallway for 5 hours. Yes they have ran tests, no medication to treat any of my symptoms. Trying to discharge after doing nothing… Had to CRY to the doctor about how I felt my care wasn’t up to standard and then she eventually gives me meds. Mind you. After 5 hours. Thought Mayo was one of the best hospitals in the south. Will never be back.

Dealt with this hospital for several years. No matter what day or what doctor I've always been left with the same experience; cocky doctors playing God with the absolute worst bedside manner. Never again.

My husband was a heart transplant patient here. One time they failed to give an accurate report for him to adjust his warfarin accordingly. Subsequently he suffered a stroke and had to have intracerebral hemorrhage surgery. My husband overlooked a lot of things and this hospital had the nerve to kick him off the transplant list. They called an old number and then said that since they couldn't get in touch with him he was non-complaint. I gathered so much proof to show that they were the ones who made an error. I got all the phone records and proof that we updated his information but it was evident that they just wanted to get rid of him. I wanted to sue so bad but I left them all to God. You should have been in that break up meeting. By the grace of God he got his transplant at an excellent hospital in CA.

Lynn at the gift shop was extremely helpful and made ordering flowers a seamless process. She was so kind and patient too. Thank you Lynn!

We were at Vanderbilt before transferring to Mayo. This has been an amazing experience! It’s like it’s a requirement is to be super nice; Vanderbilt, not so much. I would recommend anyone to come here, and I’m so glad we chose to switch. The doctors, nurses, and even the staff (cafeteria, welcome center, etc) were by far nicer than Vanderbilt. They are so knowledgeable, thorough, and patient. Very impressed!!!

The Mayo Clinic is such a special place! It’s a medical facility that could also be a museum of art museum, history, and architecture. People travel from all over the world to be treated here, but what makes it truly special are the compassionate, skilled, and dedicated employees. I stood outside the Mayo Building and watched bus after bus pull up to the staff entrance - and watched countless everyday heroes get off those buses and go to work performing “miracles” at a place that provides hope to people who need it most.!!

I had 7 uterine fibroids removed by Dr Khan. Well done. No complications. After six weeks I was back in gym doing great. Dr khan is the best. Great doctor. Nurse Logan day shift and Susan night took good care of me.!!

I'm currently here and I can tell you this place is a sad example of a hospital nurses are not interested in taking care of people they see how fast they can get out your room you going to be room up with someone and you have to watch out for each other the doctors are dumb all they do is tests and hope they find something and they wait until something bad is about to happen before you get any treatment had better treatment in smaller hospitals pass on this place they just in it for the money also food is bad nothing good please save your money. Place is like a burning trashcan.

The Cleveland Clinic is a different breed of hospital from the others I’ve been in. Everyone who participated in my care was thoughtful, well trained, and skillful. They’re a hub for up-to-date practices & medical knowledge. And the practitioners have exceptional levels of experience earned through high volumes of cases. Importantly, the staff seem well supported. So many members of staff went above & beyond. The cleaning staff made an origami elephant out of a towel when I first got there. The dining staff tailored meals for my specific needs and made a surprise cake for my birthday. Transport held good conversations while easily navigating. Nurses, technicians, etc adapted to limiting check-ins/procedures to the certain hours when I asked (to protect sleep). There’s museum quality art on nearly all the walls (good incentive to go on walks in the halls) and nice facilities. There were some bureaucratic challenges when I was first admitted, but in spite of that, I still evangelize to friends & relatives all the time - if you need more serious care, go to the Cleveland Clinic.

This place is a gift from above. It’s absolutely amazing how they put together the teams and staff that they have. My surgeon Dr. Faisal Bakaeen gave me a bypass (CABG) surgery and I cannot thank him enough. His team, the nurses and staff in this hospital from the emergency room to step-down are honestly the nicest people I have ever met in a hospital. They truly care and will not let you leave if your problems are not solved. This place is the real deal, don’t hesitate to get there opinion, I’m so glad that I did. Thank you Dr Bakaeen, you save my life and I will never forget you…

If you have a true emergency, this may not be your best choice. Waited 3.5 hours and still not seen except to check in. Other patients with really serious issues (which we hear about because there is no privacy at check-in) have also been waiting and I’m worried about them. Good luck.

Worst emergency room I’ve been to. It’s been 3 hours since anyone said anything to my husband and that was only to draw more blood. Nurse was exceptionally rude and dismissive. It’s 11:45 pm and we got here at 6 pm. They aren’t telling anyone a thing! I will not recommend this emergency room ever.

If I could give this hospital a 0 I would. The nursing care here on the 4th floor so far has been awful for my daughter. Just basic care and concern for patients would be appreciated. Hoping the night crew is better. The nurses are all out at the desk laughing it up and sharing their phone pics. No that I care about that but shouldn’t the patients come first? I’m afraid to leave my adult daughter here and go home because I’m not sure they will even check on her. Seriously. There are 2 people in this room. The patient next to my daughter hasn’t moved in the 3 hours we’ve been in here and no one has checked on her either. I asked for a pillow multiple times and they keep saying they’ll bring it but no one does. It’s not like I’m asking for an extra pillow. She has NO pillow. She needs her arm(that she had surgery on) elevated and I used a blanket. Really? I had to put a blanket behind her head. Thank goodness there are plenty of those on this desk by her bed. A stack of probably 8 blankets for some reason. Very disappointed Cleveland Clinic.

I had a Tilt Test. All went on very well and efficiently. The reception process was very fast and efficient. My test started 10 minutes ahead of schedule. The doctor who performed it was very experienced and professional.

Horrific hospital ! Avoid at all costs! The hallways are dirty, the staff and equipment are straight fro the 1960s and you will spend upwards of 12 hours for any Simple checks. The level of medicine in Israel is simply dismal, how can such a rich country have appalling healthcare is beyond me . Very sad

Hospital? Can it be called hospital? Air fresheners everywhere , cannot breath, go outside to take fresh air, you get a wall of sigarrete smoke into the face. All together with parfumes, chemicals smells and other hell knows what smells. I think it is cannot be called hospital.

My partner Derek Baum underwent a small injection procedure at the Ramat Hayal hospital. I have no words for the level of care from the delightfully kind receptionist to the amazing nurse (Shira) and of course the doctor. Such a “pleasant” experience that I’m in awe of our wonderful Maccabi Health Service !! Thank you to all of the team who did Derek’s procedure this morning Wednesday 14th June

Supposed to be the best private hospital in Israel... I doubt it. My recommendation - even if the doctors are great, don't go there for Mei Shafir. You will get an awful treatment of your case. Let's start by the fact that they canceled the genetic consultant a week before the mei Shafir check.. and asked me to find a docteur (genetics specialist) that could see me in the next 3 days, so they could perform the check on time.. No help on their side to help me finding of course. So now imagine yourself calling every hospital of Israel asking for a place in the next 3 days to see a specialist... and how stressed you are. Found a place in Nahariya by chance. The specialist didn't even understand why I was being canceled from the beginning at asuta (what was found in my genetics tests was insignificant) . Even the mei Shafir doctor didn't understand why the genetics consultant of asuta was ever canceled to me!! Anyway check went well and today I am receiving the results... what a shame! 2 pages of results scanned, the second page cannot even be read. The first page is not clear. That's such a shame and so embarrassing. Anyway from my experience and people that went with asuta will confirm, your case with be handled by many people, no one has the same work process, no one will answer you clearly and on a same way. Choosing asuta is choosing to add more stress to your life.

Very fast CT checking wait for my doctor

Very high standard of services ,very clean, Professional staff in all departments with kind heart. Last but not least, we would like to express our special greetings for Prof Dr Amit Segev Thank you! ❤️🙏

such a shame . i paid for private clinic and this is what we got . i did my surgery there i stayed 3 days after the surgery . nurse in my last night didnt check at me at all for more than 10 hours (the whole night shift) . didnt check at all ... the other patient who slept in the same room had edema in her arm she again didnt care after the patient insist she removed the iv . one hour later the woman felt pain the nurse told her i cant do anything because you asked me to remove your iv access and we give painkiller through the iv ( she is blaming her and in indirect way tell her its her fault) .. and she has to wait till the morning to get new iv access ( while i know she can do so and if not she can call someone to do so there is no way there is no one in the hospital to do so .woman stayed all night in pain she couldnt sleep and i couldnt sleep either ). in my first day there were two new patient who got admitted to the inpatient ward the people who carried the patients ask a nurse where should we put each one of them . she said"" this person look classy lets put him in the better room the other one look the neglected and inelegant lets put him in this room. "" i will never recommend this place to a my beloved person or to a family although the surgeon was great we still know that 90% of the time patient spend in any hospital it will be spent with the nurse .

Once you get past the check in it's smooth sailing , but the women at the check in were too busy taking care of the people that came after I did . One even reprimanded me for being early while her associates were busy checking their social media. CT scan went quickly. But the pain I was in while lying on the machine made it seem like forever.. Hope I don't have to come back .

One of the best international hospital in Bangkok. Very nice facility and management system with a very good atmosphere, unlike in the hospital. Doctors are the top notch from each type of specialist. Not a good place to visit but if you have to come to hospital, this is one of your choice.

We are tourists which wanted private hospital for urgent business. 20 minutes after we got inside the place we saw a doctor. Everything looked very professional. Everyone knew English very well, especially the doctor. We got excellent treatment at excellent speed and everything was well explained for us. Also they have live music when you wait which is nice.

I had an outstanding experience with Dr. Tarinee for my LASIK SMILE surgery. Her professionalism, deep knowledge, and excellent communication skills, particularly in English, gave me immense confidence throughout the process. Her patient-oriented approach stood out, as she was always ready to address my concerns, enhancing my trust in her expertise. It's now two months post-surgery, and I'm thrilled with the results. I'm free of inconveniences, seeing clearer than ever. Dr. Tarinee is highly recommended for anyone contemplating LASIK surgery. Her surgical skill, along with her genuine care for patients, makes her the ideal choice. I'm truly grateful for her exceptional service. #BangkokHospital #BangkokHospitalLasikCenter #BangkokLasikCenter #Lasik #FemtoLasik #ReLEx #relexsmile #smile #เลสิก #ศูนย์เลสิกโรงพยาบาลกรุงเทพ

I spent 32 hours without food or drink because I was told I would have a surgery to drain an abscess (procedure itself generally takes 30-40 mins). After all those hours I am requesting to get transferred and the head nurse is rejecting the notion. I thought NHS was bad, this is a disgrace… I’m being treated like a 3rd class citizen.

Medically and clinically very good, staff very pleasant and helpful. Site is poorly signposted and difficult to find the department you need on first visit if you're not familiar with it. Parking very difficult and quite expensive. Good selection of on-site retail outlets in the mall. Views over surrounding area are breathtaking.

I was here just to see the stained glass windows (Chagall windows) in the synagogue. They are so beautiful! The entrance fee is 25 which comes with an audio guide and a brochure.

Professionals in their field! Oncology & Surgery top level!

Placed inside the hospital campus, the parking has disadvantages and advantages such as congestion at certain hours but accessibility for the disabled / baby trolleys /handicap. The place is crowded must time of the day with guests, patients and personnel. I visited in the evening when the pressure was moderate and there were free tables. The service was reasonable but not courteous, they do not offer to heat the pastries, there is no strict hand hygiene when passing between the cash register and the food, the tables, were dirty, the trash cans were full, the floor was dirty from leftover food, high prices. Due to being a private business that rents out the place, there is no supervision by the hospital despite being supervised by the Ministry of Health. Too bad and that's the case for the visitors to judge.

Its the second time when i stay here in this hospital. I hope to not come anymore🙂 not becuse happened something bad here with me..but its better if we take care of our selves to be healthy. I meet here good doctors, nurses and all the personal care. A big hospital. Amazing how many people support financially this hospital that he will be open.

I've done a hand surgery by Doctor Teh Kok Kheng. Doctor was super friendly and knowledgable to explain everything in a casual way, even play my favourite Hong Kong singer - Alan Tam songs throughout the surgery process to calm me down, my blood pressure was drop immediately from 196 to 140, haha. Therefore, I highly suggest that hospital should allow to play some music while doing treatment, it's a super efficient way to calm a patient, trust me! Nurses and staffs are very friendly as well, the whole process goes smoothly and I am very satisfied with the service so far. Thank you doctor and the team!

Very friendly staff and my dad has a wonderful time to do his pet scan! Nowadays it’s very hard to find customer oriented staff but we are lucky to meet her

Everything was great. The place and environment really good and have the best doctors. But, I get different information from clinic, MRI and cashier staff. It’s not synchronize. Communication between them is bad. It will be the 5 star if, all the information and system are standardize. Thank you

Not as professional and friendly as they promote, all about earning money from you or your insurance but with very little care or treatment. All year with appointments and specialist for cancer an tumours ,scan after scan but not any diagnosis or treatment and suffering with swollen eye, colour change, nose and cheek burning pain and insane pressure on head and face but still no help , even though colour change on scan for my rights side of brain , cyst inside my face and gigantic problem at the back of my head and they say no problem and haven’t operated or treated. I hope I’m not dying but still don’t have any diagnosis or confirmation of anything.Now thinking I need to go to another country for help ? Wouldn’t recommend to nobody?? They won’t do anything about these reviews and even give the same answer to each person.

Avoid this hospital! I had to visit the hospital because of a sinus infection, but was rushed into several entirely useless procedures just to hike up the bill. The whole experience was horrible with unfriendly and rude staff. However, the worst part was that a nurse stole 340 euros from my purse in my handbag that I left in the examination room with the nurse when I was pushed into a toilet for another useless test. The hospital operations reeks of scamming people in every possible way. Despicable behaviour preying on people in a vulnerable situation.

Avoid this hospital My husband was admitted to this hospital in 2021, 2022 and 2 days ago. In 2021 I visited him on a Sunday, and he was on the floor (with a broken leg) trying to get onto the sofa, to get out of the window as he was hallucinating. He was on the second floor! The window was then closed and locked but no-one had noticed my husband on the floor, which is a worry. I then had to push for a brain scan, which, according to Xanit showed nothing abnormal. He has now been diagnosed with dementia at Guadalhorce hospital, so I chose to go private again to make things happen faster. We saw a neurologist at Xanit who said he should be hospitalised. When we arrived at the hospital it took over 20 minutes to park as the car park was full, then when we got to reception there were almost 35 people in front of us. We were over an hour late to get to our appointment and then the computers went down!!! We had to go down to Urgencias to be admitted. They told me he had to go to a hospital in Malaga. I then had to go back to the neurologist, as Urgencias refused to call him, and he told them to admit my husband. There was an amazing lack of communication, and the girl who was in triage was basically rude. We were then subjected to a 2/3 hour wait, then taken to a surgical ward where the nurses all moaned about the fact he was being taken into this hospital. I speak and understand Spanish so was very aware of the things being said and I am absolutely horrified at how we were treated. He was hospitalised on Wednesday, and we were told he would get an MRI and CT scan. My husband was aggressive, and I was told I had to stay with him 24/7. This is not why I’m paying private health insurance. I was told there are insufficient nurses to deal with all the patients they have, so I had to stay. The MRI and CT scan didn’t happen as the machine had broken down!!! My husband was very agitated, and the neurologist and I agreed he would be better at home. Therefore, we had to make an appointment for the MRI and CT scan (29th November) I waited over an hour to make this appointment, while my husband was in his hospital room. There were 6 people in front of me, and one person in reception, who decided to deal with people who jumped the queue and one friend (I think Fran was his name). Reception staff are awful and provide terrible customer service. They wander away on their phones when they feel like it and don’t appreciate that people visiting the hospital may be dealing with life and death situations. They are abysmal and need training. I see from these reviews this has been going on for over a year, so I’m not sure if my comments will make any difference at all. Absolutely shocking service. On a brighter note, when you actually get to see a specialist, they are amazing.

Very positive experience. Dr Davies was extremely professional, listened to my concerns, reviewed and explained the MRI and dedicated the necessary time without being rushed. Very pleased with him and all his staff from scheduling, checking-in, radiologists, nurses and doctor assistant. 👍🏻

Went in for a full left hip replacement with Dr Jacob Drew. My interactions with him and his staff were always positive. He took the time to explain the procedure and answer any questions that I had. He even called to check in the night before my surgery. I would highly recommend him for anyone needing a hip or knee replacement.

Great Doctor and Staff to work with. Removed my cancer and still cancer free 3 years later. Extremely helpful and has answered all my questions and then some. She is a doctor who actually cares about her patients unlike my PCP . I would Highly Recommend Dr Megan E. Anderson and her staff.